Suggestions-46
Please post ideas for new threads, tips on relevant and interesting threads elsewhere, and notes about pretty much anything you like here.
The scissors will be wielded to commercial spam, lewd suggestions, and anything else I don’t like. 😎
- Archived Suggestions threads here on this link up to mid March 2022
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Link back to Suggestions 45
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MARCH 16, 2022
Ancient ice reveals scores of gigantic volcanic eruptions
Ice cores drilled in Antarctica and Greenland have revealed gigantic volcanic eruptions during the last ice age. Sixty-nine of these were larger than any eruption in modern history. According to the University of Copenhagen physicists behind the research, these eruptions can teach us about our planet’s sensitivity to climate change.
. . .
Determining Earth’s climate sensitivity is an Achilles heel of current climate models. Svensson concludes:
“The current IPCC models do not have a firm grasp of climate sensitivity—i.e., what the effect of a doubling of CO2 in the atmosphere will be. Vulcanism can supply us with answers as to how much temperature changes when Earths atmospheric radiation budget changes, whether due to CO2 or a blanket of sulfur particles. So, when we have estimated the effects of large volcanic eruptions on climate, we will be able to use the result to improve climate models.” [bold added]
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-ancient-ice-reveals-scores-gigantic.html
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But a ‘large volcanic eruption’ has nothing in common with 0.04% of the Earth’s atmosphere being CO2.
MARCH 16, 2022
‘Visionary’ US astrophysicist Eugene Parker dead at 94
Eugene Parker, a pioneering American astrophysicist whose mathematical prediction that charged particles streamed from stars in a solar wind was met with disbelief before he was ultimately vindicated, has died aged 94, NASA said on Wednesday.
Parker was hailed as a visionary who laid the groundwork for the field of heliophysics, the science of understanding the Sun and its interactions with Earth and the solar system, including space weather.
In 2018, he became the first person to witness the launch of a spacecraft bearing his name, NASA’s Parker Solar Probe.
. . .
“The first reviewer on the paper said, ‘Well, I would suggest that Parker go to the library and read up on the subject before he tries to write a paper about it, because this is utter nonsense,'” Parker told UChicago News in 2018.
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-visionary-astrophysicist-eugene-parker-dead.html
MARCH 17, 2022
Cloud seeding might not be as promising as drought-troubled states hope
As an atmospheric scientist, I have studied and written about weather modification for 50 years. Cloud seeding experiments that produce snow or rain require the right kind of clouds with enough moisture, and the right temperature and wind conditions. The percentage increases in precipitation are small, and it’s difficult to tell when snow or rain fell naturally and when it was triggered by seeding.
. . .
The results of about 70 years of research into the effectiveness of cloud seeding are mixed.
Most scientific studies aimed at evaluating the effects of seeding cumulus clouds have shown little to no effect. However, the results of seeding wintertime orographic clouds—clouds that form as air rises over a mountain—have shown increases in precipitation.
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-cloud-seeding-drought-troubled-states.html
Doing the rounds again…
MARCH 18, 2022
A solar power station in space? How it would work, and the benefits it could bring
The UK government is reportedly considering a £16 billion proposal to build a solar power station in space.
Yes, you read that right. Space-based solar power is one of the technologies to feature in the government’s Net Zero Innovation Portfolio. It has been identified as a potential solution, alongside others, to enable the UK to achieve net zero by 2050.
But how would a solar power station in space work? What are the advantages and drawbacks to this technology?
Space-based solar power involves collecting solar energy in space and transferring it to Earth. While the idea itself is not new, recent technological advances have made this prospect more achievable.
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-solar-power-station-space-benefits.html
MARCH 21, 2022
Quantum technology could make charging electric cars as fast as pumping gas
While the maximum charging speed increases linearly with the number of cells in classical batteries, the study showed that quantum batteries employing global operation can achieve quadratic scaling in charging speed. To illustrate this, consider a typical electric vehicle with a battery that contains about 200 cells. Employing this quantum charging would lead to a 200 times speedup over classical batteries, which means that at home charging time would be cut from 10 hours to about 3 minutes. At high-speed charging stations, the charge time would be cut from 30 minutes to mere seconds.
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-quantum-technology-electric-cars-fast.html
– – –
What that might do to battery life is another matter.
From the article:
“… quantum technologies are still in their infancy and there is a long way to go before these methods can be implemented in practice. Research findings such as these, however, create a promising direction and can incentivize the funding agencies and businesses to further invest in these technologies”
So given enough cash we’ll find a way to make the energy leap from the charger into each cell of the battery, without needing a cable, by entanglement or something… Promise.
‘As unique as you can get’…
https://www.sciencealert.com/archaeologists-uncover-unkown-symbols-carved-by-the-painted-people-of-scotland
Mysterious Maunder Minimum: Nearby star offers clues
March 24, 2022
Any possible link between the sun’s lack of spots in the Maunder Minimum on the sun and Earth’s Little Ice Age is still being explored. On March 22, 2022, scientists announced they’ve now witnessed a nearby sunlike star that’s also apparently paused in its sunspot activity. They said they hope this star will provide insight into our sun’s Maunder Minimum, and any possible effects on Earth.
https://earthsky.org/sun/maunder-minimum-nearby-star-study/
Climate Model Democracy
Posted by Andy May March 11, 2022
In the computer modeling world, a world I worked in for 42 years, choosing one model, that matches observations best, is normal best practice. I have not seen a good explanation for why CMIP5 and CMIP6 produce ensemble model means. It seems to be a political solution to a scientific problem. This is addressed in AR6 in Chapter 1,[1] where they refer to averaging multiple models, without considering their accuracy or mutual independence, as “model democracy.” It is unclear if they are being sarcastic.
. . .
Conflating natural variability with short-term noise is a mistake, as is assuming natural variability is short term. It is not clear that CMIP6 model uncertainty is properly understood. Further, using unvalidated models to “measure” natural variability, even when an attempt is made to separate out model uncertainty, assumes that the models are capturing natural variability, which is unlikely. Long-term variability in both the Sun and the oceans is explicitly ignored by the models.
https://andymaypetrophysicist.com/2022/03/11/climate-model-democracy/
Boomers In Rich Countries Cause 33 Percent Of Greenhouse Emissions
https://www.iflscience.com/environment/boomers-in-rich-countries-cause-33-percent-of-greenhouse-emissions/
Retired people spend more time at home than many of those with jobs. What’s the point of this paper?
Telegraph bashes EVs and supposed greencrap in general
Electric cars have a very dirty secret
The technological flaws of battery-powered vehicles have not gone away
Volvo confirmed that EVs are far “dirtier” out of the factory gate, as the resource extraction for an electric drive train is so carbon-intensive.
But few EV owners will ever clock up enough miles on what they believe to be clean energy to ever make up the difference.
Given the typical global fuel generation mix, a typical EV driver will need to drive 92,000 miles to reach CO2 emission parity with the petrol-powered equivalent, while a driver in the EU, where the energy mix contains more nuclear and renewables, some 52,000 miles. And that’s without changing the battery once. This isn’t well known amongst pious EV owners, for whom the car is a kind of face mask on wheels.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2022/03/28/electric-cars-have-dirty-secret/
– – –
Imagine the hours of tedium and delay in 92k miles worth of recharges 🥱
Latest renewable nonsense…
England faces being carpeted with solar panels in net zero push
The proposals –which are likely to focus heavily on the South of England, where solar radiation is higher – risk sparking a wave of public resistance and are already concerning Tory MPs.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/03/29/england-faces-carpeted-solar-panels-net-zero-push/
* * *
They would be of little use in winter when power demand is highest, but could be handy at midday in summer if the weather’s nice 🙄
Boris Johnson warned Kwarteng’s renewables drive would precipitate cost crisis and ‘ruin lives’
Wednesday 30th March 2022 | Press Release
https://www.netzerowatch.com/boris-johnson-warned-renewables-drive-would-precipitate-cost-crisis-and-ruin-lives/
MARCH 31, 2022
Scientists identify asymmetry in the pressure anomalies of the mid–high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere
by Chinese Academy of Sciences
“Further research is needed to study the causes and seasonal variation in SAM patterns and their impacts on the Polar Front Jet and climate”
https://phys.org/news/2022-03-scientists-asymmetry-pressure-anomalies-midhigh.html
APRIL 11, 2022
New transistor could cut 5% from world’s digital energy budget
“We’re getting to the point where we’re going to approach the previous energy consumption of the United States just for memory (alone),” Dowben said. “And it doesn’t stop.
“So you need something that you can shrink smaller, if possible. But above all, you need something that works differently than a silicon transistor, so that you can drop the power consumption, a lot.”
So rather than depend on electric charge as the basis of its approach, the team turned to spin: a magnetism-related property of electrons that points up or down and can be read, like electric charge can, as a 1 or 0.
. . .
“Now everybody can get into the game, figuring out how to make the transistor really good and competitive and, indeed, exceed silicon.”
https://techxplore.com/news/2022-04-transistor-world-digital-energy.html
The People Promising Us “Net Zero” Have No Clue About The Energy Storage Problem
March 27, 2022/ Francis Menton
The problems of trying to provide enough storage to back up a fully wind and solar system without fossil fuels are so huge and so costly that you would think that everyone pushing the “net zero” agenda would be completely focused on these issues. And given that the issues are quite obvious, you would think that such people would be well down the curve with feasibility studies, cost studies, and demonstration projects to make their case on how their plans could be accomplished. Remarkably, that is not the case at all. Instead, if you read about the plans and proposals in various quarters for “net zero” in some short period of years, you quickly realize that the people pushing this agenda have no clue. No clue whatsoever.
https://www.manhattancontrarian.com/blog/2022-3-25-aivx0sdredj216gyhhvx186ph4kyzz
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But they will have a clue about how to blame someone else when it all crumbles.
APRIL 14, 2022
Seafloor spreading has been slowing down
by American Geophysical Union
A new global analysis of the last 19 million years of seafloor spreading rates found they have been slowing down. Geologists want to know why the seafloor is getting sluggish.
. . .
Today, spreading rates top out around 140 millimeters per year, but peaked around 200 millimeters per year just 15 million years ago in some places, according to the new study.
. . .
The seafloor is destroyed in subduction zones, where oceanic crust slides under continents and sinks back into the mantle, and is reforged at seafloor spreading ridges. This cycle of creation and destruction takes about every 180 million years, the age of the oldest seafloor. The crust’s magnetic record tracks this pattern, producing identifiable strips every time the Earth’s magnetic field reverses.
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-seafloor.html
Drivers face ‘speed limiter devices fitted in all new cars’ under new government plans’
16/04/2022
Brits could face having speed limiters fitted to all new cars under government plans to improve safety on the roads, it has been reported.
Measures that would see lower speeds and reduce pollution by cars would also be backed by environmental groups.
But critics have also hit out at the “big brother” idea which would mean greater control by the state on people’s lives.
. . .
A provisional agreement has been reached to make speed limiters mandatory for all new cars sold in Europe from July 6 2022. Even though the UK left the EU in 2020, it still follows the same regulations for new cars.
Another rule that is implemented into UK law has made it mandatory for all new cars to be fitted with intelligent speed assistance by July 7 2024.
Limiters use a technology called Intelligent Speed Assistant (ISA) to detect the local speed limit in the area using GPS and video data. They then eliminate the choice to go above the legal speed, or make it harder to.
https://theworldnews.net/gb-news/drivers-face-speed-limiter-devices-fitted-in-all-new-cars-under-new-government-plans
APRIL 15, 2022
Changes in vegetation shaped global temperatures over last 10,000 years
“Expanded vegetation during the Holocene warmed the globe by as much as 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit,” Thompson said. “Our new simulations align closely with paleoclimate proxies. So this is exciting that we can point to Northern Hemisphere vegetation as one potential factor that allows us to resolve the controversial Holocene temperature conundrum.”
– – –
“Overall, our study emphasizes that accounting for vegetation change is critical,” Thompson said. “Projections for future climate change are more likely to produce more trustworthy predictions if they include changes in vegetation.”
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-vegetation-global-temperatures-years.html
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But a warmer climate brings more vegetation? Can’t have it both ways.
Empirical observations show no sign of ‘climate crisis’
Thursday 14th April 2022
A systematic review of climate trends and observational data by an eminent climate scientist has found no evidence to support the claim of a climate crisis.
https://www.thegwpf.org/publications/empirical-observations-show-no-sign-of-climate-crisis/
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That’s too boring for today’s media.
APRIL 22, 2022
The physics of a singing saw
“How the singing saw sings is based on a surprising effect,” said Petur Bryde, a graduate student at SEAS and co-first author of the paper. “When you strike a flat elastic sheet, such as a sheet of metal, the entire structure vibrates. The energy is quickly lost through the boundary where it is held, resulting in a dull sound that dissipates quickly. The same result is observed if you curve it into a J-shape. But, if you bend the sheet into an S-shape, you can make it vibrate in a very small area, which produces a clear, long-lasting tone.”
The geometry of the curved saw creates what musicians call the sweet spot and what physicists call localized vibrational modes—a confined area on the sheet which resonates without losing energy at the edges.
Importantly, the specific geometry of the S-curve doesn’t matter. It could be an S with a big curve at the top and a small curve at the bottom or visa versa.
. . .
The researchers also found that they could tune the localization of the mode by changing the shape of the S-curve, which is important in applications such as sensing, where you need a resonator that is tuned to very specific frequencies.
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-physics.html
Earth’s Albedo Puzzle – A Question Of Balance
Tuesday 26th April 2022 | Dr David Whitehouse, Science Editor
You only have to look at a globe of the Earth to realise what a lop-sided planet we live on, most of the land is in the Northern hemisphere (NH), most of the ocean in the Southern hemisphere (SH). Since we were able to make space-based measurements of the Earth’s reflectance – its albedo – that dichotomy has become a puzzle as for some reason, despite their differences, the Northern and Southern hemispheres reflect the same amount of sunlight to within observational uncertainties!
https://www.netzerowatch.com/earths-albedo-puzzle-a-question-of-balance/
The role of atmospheric rivers in anomalous snow accumulation in East Antarctica
First published: 14 August 2014
Recent, heavy snow accumulation events over Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica, contributed significantly to the Antarctic ice sheet surface mass balance (SMB).
. . .
…we find that it was four and five ARs reaching the coastal DML that contributed 74–80% of the outstanding SMB during 2009 and 2011 at PE. Therefore, accounting for ARs is crucial for understanding East Antarctic SMB.
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2014GL060881
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APRIL 15, 2022
Study suggests Larsen A and B ice shelves collapsed due to atmospheric rivers
By identifying and following the paths of atmospheric rivers as they arrived at Antarctica, they found that one arrived in 1995 just before the collapse of Larsen A, and another arrived in 2002 just before the collapse of Larsen B.
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-larsen-ice-shelves-collapsed-due.html
– – –
So atmospheric rivers can lead to ‘anomalous snow accumulation’ but ‘ice shelves collapsed due to atmospheric rivers’. 🤔
Mercury’s Comet-like Tail
April 29, 2022: Planets aren’t supposed to have tails, but Mercury does. Dr. Sebastian Voltmer just photographed it from La Palma in the Canary Islands:
“This is NOT a comet, not even a meteor, but the planet Mercury, which is currently very close to the Pleiades,” says Voltmer. “How is the tail formed? The solar wind and micro-meteorites eject sodium atoms from Mercury’s surface. This creates a yellow-orange tail of sodium gas that is around 2.5 million kilometers long.”
https://spaceweatherarchive.com/2022/04/30/mercurys-comet-like-tail/
Strongest effect at perihelion +/- 16 days.
Scientists want to use cosmic rays to map the Great Pyramid of Giza’s secrets
A new effort to scan Egypt’s Great Pyramid of Giza using energetic particles from space could help scientists “see” inside the ancient structure and glean new details about its mysterious inner chambers.
. . .
The new muon detectors would be built inside up to eight standard shipping containers, each measuring 40 feet long, 10 feet tall and 10 feet wide, according to the researchers. The telescope system would be placed at different spots all around the base of the pyramid, gathering observations at each position for three months at a time, Bross said.
He estimates that it would take three years to accumulate enough data to create a high-resolution map of the entire pyramid.
https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/scientists-want-to-use-cosmic-rays-to-map-the-great-pyramid-of-gizas-secrets/ar-AAWUrU0
Germany secures four floating LNG terminals in mad rush to replace Kremlin gas
5 May 2022
Germany plans to have its first terminal operational in Wilhelmshaven before the year is out, allowing for the import of upwards of 5 billion cubic meters per year. The second ship, also from the Norwegian company Hoegh, will be in place by early 2023.
https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/news/germany-secures-four-floating-lng-terminals-in-mad-rush-to-replace-kremlin-gas/
Perils of energy bill desperation…
Fire breaks out in New Malden after man burns timber in living room ‘to save on energy costs’
Monday 9 May 2022
A fire broke out in a property in south-west London after a man burnt timber on an open fire in his living room to heat his home, London Fire Brigade has said.
Investigators said the cause of the blaze was identified as an open fire being used instead of gas central heating, prompting the fire service to issue an urgent safety warning.
It is understood to have also been caused by combustible items placed too close to an open fire.
London Fire Brigade said there have been more than 100 fires involving open fires, log burners and heaters in the last few months alone.
The brigade now fears the rise in energy bills could result in a surge of fires as people resort to alternative means to heat their homes throughout the colder spells of the year.
. . .
One neighbour, who declined to give her name, said: “You could not see [anything] as the smoke was so thick. It was just unbelievable.”
https://www.itv.com/news/london/2022-05-09/safety-warning-after-man-burns-timber-in-living-room-to-save-on-energy-costs
Climate propaganda flop at the BBC…
BBC climate editor whose sister is an Insulate Britain fanatic made false claims on global warming including worldwide deaths are rising and Madagascar is on the verge of famine, inquiry finds
— BBC Panorama global warming documentary made a number of false claims
— Wild Weather, presented by climate editor Justin Rowlatt, said deaths worldwide were rising due to extreme weather caused by climate change
— It said Madagascar was almost having the first famine caused by climate change
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10799153/BBC-climate-editor-false-claims-global-warming-Panorama-broadcast-inquiry-finds.html
– – –
BBC climate editor found to have made ‘misleading’ claims on climate change and weather on Panorama
Tuesday 10 May 2022
The show sparked two complaints that were investigated by the BBC’s Editorial Complaints Unit (ECU).
https://www.gbnews.uk/news/bbc-climate-editor-found-to-have-made-misleading-claims-on-climate-change-and-weather-on-panorama/290718
Complaints by Paul Homewood.
Making Climate Skepticism Illegal: The Regime’s Crackdown On Disinformation
BY BRIGGS ON MAY 9, 2022
Two new, and two successful, power grabs by the Regime were completed last week.
The first was the start of the Disinformation Governance Board, under the Department of Homeland Security. This creates a mechanism to define official thoughtcrimes. I repeat: if official disinformation exists there necessarily must exist Official Truths (which are only coincidental with Truths), and therefore there must exist an entity in charge of creating and regulating them.
The second grab was creation of the Office of Environmental Justice, under the Department of Justice. There is no such thing as environmental justice. But such a fiction can be defined with respect to The Science (as in “Listen to The Science!”). The Science is research provided by Experts. And Experts, you recall, are educated credentialed important individuals who align with and are supported by the Regime, directly or indirectly.
The first thing you will have noticed is that all things must now be named for what they are not. That is the well known nature of advertising.
The second obvious observation is that these new agencies are two aspects of the same thing: official control of information.
The DGB will be the clearing house for Official Truths (OTs) as we discussed, and the OEJ will be (among other things) one of its police forces for certain kinds of non-political thoughtcrimes.
https://www.wmbriggs.com/post/39247/
Orwell was right 🙄
Climate windbag gets cold feet…
BlackRock ditches green activism over Russia energy fears
Fund titan says investing in traditional energy sources is now required to boost security
11 May 2022
BlackRock has warned it will vote against most shareholder green activism this year for being too extreme, in a significant u-turn by the world’s biggest money manager.
The company said it was concerned about proposals to stop financing fossil fuel companies, including forcing them to decommission assets and setting absolute targets for reducing emissions in their supply chains.
It comes as BlackRock said Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has impacted the transition to net-zero, adding that short-term investment in traditional energy sources is now required to boost security.
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2022/05/11/blackrock-ditches-green-activism-russia-energy-fears/
Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
10 May 2022
Jovian Planets and Lunar Nodal Cycles in the Earth’s Climate Variability
Harald Yndestad*
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Aalesund, Norway
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2022.839794/full
Journal Editor: Nicola Scafetta
– – –
This study utilizes time-series data devised to measure solar irradiation, sea surface temperatures, and temperatures in the lower atmosphere to gain a better understanding of how gravitational effects from the moon and Jovian planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) influence solar activity and climatic conditions on Earth. Then, standard statistical methods are used to determine the degree of correlation among these time series and construct a Jovian gravitational model. The study reveals a direct relationship between JSUN perihelion coincidences and TSI amplitude variations in cycles up to 4,450 years. The forced solar accumulation of heat in oceans introduces a new phase relation between solar forced cycles and new climate variation. Earth’s axis nutation cycles have coincidences with lunar nodal tide cycles and lunar forced sea surface temperature cycle periods up to 446 years. Earth’s temperature variation shows coincidence with constructive and destructive interference between lunar-forced and accumulated solar-forced temperature variations in oceans. Upcoming events have a computed modern temperature maximum in 2025 and a deep minimum in 2070. Interference between solar-forced temperature cycles of 333,2142, and 4,450 years and a lunar-forced temperature cycle of 445 years indicates that “The Little Ice Age” covers a total period of 820 years from 1330 to 2150 A.D. and an upcoming temporary cold climate period from 2070 to 2150.
Front. Astron. Space Sci., 14 January 2022
Scaling, Mirror Symmetries and Musical Consonances Among the Distances of the Planets of the Solar System
Michael J. Bank1† and Nicola Scafetta2*†
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fspas.2021.758184/full
Orbital systems are often self-organized and/or characterized by harmonic relations. Inspired by music theory, we rewrite the Geddes and King-Hele (QJRAS, 24, 10–13, 1983) equations for mirror symmetries among the distances of the planets of the Solar System in an elegant and compact form by using the 2/3rd power of the ratios of the semi-major axis lengths of two neighboring planets (eight pairs, including the belt of the asteroids). This metric suggests that the Solar System could be characterized by a scaling and mirror-like structure relative to the asteroid belt that relates together the terrestrial and Jovian planets. These relations are based on a 9/8 ratio multiplied by powers of 2, which correspond musically to the interval of the Pythagorean epogdoon (a Major Second) and its addition with one or more octaves. Extensions of the same model are discussed and found compatible also with the still hypothetical vulcanoid asteroids versus the transneptunian objects. The found relation also suggests that the planetary self-organization of our system could be generated by the 3:1 and 7:3 resonances of Jupiter, which are already known to have shaped the asteroid belt. The proposed model predicts the main Kirkwood asteroid gaps and the ratio among the planetary orbital parameters with a 99% accuracy, which is three times better than an alternative, recently proposed harmonic-resonance model for the Solar System. Furthermore, the ratios of neighboring planetary pairs correspond to four musical “consonances” having frequency ratios of 5/4 (Major Third), 4/3 (Perfect Fourth), 3/2 (Perfect Fifth) and 8/5 (Minor Sixth); the probability of obtaining this result randomly has a p < 0.001. Musical consonances are “pleasing” tones that harmoniously interrelate when sounded together, which suggests that the orbits of the planets of our Solar System could form some kind of gravitationally optimized and coordinated structure. Physical modeling indicates that energy non-conserving perturbations could drive a planetary system into a self-organized periodic state with characteristics vaguely similar of those found in our Solar System. However, our specific finding suggests that the planetary organization of our Solar System could be rather peculiar and based on more complex and unknown dynamical structures.
Iron Age arrow found on Norway mountain still has feather fletching on it
Published 5 days ago
“The shaft type is known from Danish weapon sacrifices found in bogs, and the arrowhead is also a well-known type from graves in southern Norway,” Pilø said, so it’s likely that this weapon dates to between A.D. 300 and 600.
. . .
The archaeologists hope to find more artifacts soon, as Norway’s glaciers are melting due to climate change.
https://www.livescience.com/iron-age-arrow-norway-mountain
Where were the glaciers when the items were deposited?