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WMO03105, Islay, Port Ellen, Scotland
55 40 53N 06 14 59W
Altitude 17 metres
Estimated Class 3, fails Class 2 on 17.6% of 30m – 10m annulus, limit 5%. Perhaps I have been unfair on the perimeter road area but 5% is much smaller.
UHI, local runways otherwise none.
I was surprised at this result after a first glance, devil in the detail. In reality this is coastal, windy so UHI is not likely to normally be significant.
WMO03100, Tiree, Scotland
56 30 00N 06 52 58W
(56.50001018774803,-6.880803487104119)
Altitude 9 metres
Estimate Class 1. [ Suspect enclosure hardstanding, see Llanbedr article although may be different, TBD ]
UHI, none. Tiny from nearby airstrips, maybe sometimes.
WMO03923, Jersey Airport, Channel Islands
49 12 35N 02 11 39W
Altitude 84 metres
Estimated Class 3, fails Class 2 on >10% road, perimeter road and building within 30 Metres, limit 10%. (roads come to 11%, didn’t bother measuring building, which is indistinct)
UHI, local airport, otherwise minor, fairly densely populated island off French coast. Perhaps air conditioner and radio transmitter in adjacent building.
WMO03923, Glenanne No.2, Northern Ireland
54 14 13N 06 30 14W
Altitude 161 metres
Provisional estimate Class 3, fails Class 1 on hardstanding (council refuse site) or unstable (gardens, hedges) >10%, limit 10%, Class 2 on high hedges and unusual topography within 30 metres.
UHI, none.
Google Street view is available. As a help, the useful road is to the NW.
WMO03092, Peterhead Harbour, Scotland
57 30 09N 01 46 27W
Included for completeness.
Estimated Class 5. No criticism please this is a special station, probably historic. Massive environment change circa 1999, see update.
UHI. Yes.
Scottish east coast harbour.
WMO03091, Dyce, Scotland (Aberdeen airport)
57 12 18N 02 12 19W
Altitude 65 metres.
Estimated Class 3, fail Class 2 on 17.7% hardstanding and parking within 30 metres, limit 10%
[ enclosure hardstanding to standard pattern, see Llanbedr article, Class 3 or worse ]
UHI, dense airport and near industrial/urban, city of Aberdeen a few miles away, otherwise none. Near Scottish east coast.
WMO03088, Inverbervie No.2, Scotland
56 51 07N 02 15 57W
Altitude 134 metres
Estimated Class 1. Class 3.
[Update, I recognose the met enclosure base as being paved to a standard pattern which makes a site at best Class 3, see Llanbedr articles]
UHI, none [local site]. Scottish east coast.
WMO03080, Arboyne No.2, Scotland
57 04 33N 02 50 28W
Altitude 140 metres
Estimate Class 1/2, indeterminate, unstable environment with stored glider trailers and vehicle parking. Probably fine for Class 1, essentially four roads but area seems to meet Class 1 of <=10%
UHI, none.
WMO03075, Wick Airport
58 27 14N 03 05 24W
Altitude 38 metres
Estimated Class 3, fails Class 2 on 13.8% hardstanding within 30 metres, limit 10%
UHI, airport, some urban not far, generally open Scottish east coast.
No information
WMO03072, Cairnwell, Scotland
56 52 45N 03 25 15W
Altitude 928 metres
Extreme mountain station. Aerial image unclear.
WMO03068, Lossiemouth, Scotland (RAF Lossiemouth)
57 42 41N 03 19 24W
Altitude 12 metres
Estimated Class 2. Class 1 fail on hardstanding area.
UHI, runways, apron and extensive local complex, town not far away (minor effect).
Coastal location.
WMO03066, Kinloss, Scotland (RAF Kinloss)
57 38 44N 03 33 49W
Altitude 7 metres
Estimated Class2, fails Class 1 on 14.5% hardstanding within 100 metre radius, limit 10%
UHI, local only, runways, apron, buildings.
Coastal station.
Image showing automatic weather station open to the elements, recording data briefly before retracting.
© Copyright John Chroston and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons
Licence, click image for details.
© Copyright John S Ross and licensed for reuse under this Creative Commons Licence. Click for more information.
Hmm… there you are taking a brew out of the wind when this noise starts and a mushroom pops up. A stealth video camera is called for.
See comments for link to more general photo. (thanks Caz)
WMO03065, Cairngorm Summit, Scotland
57 06 58N 03 38 35W
Altitude 1237 metres
An extreme weather mountain site.
WMO03894, Guernsey Airport, Channel Islands
49 25 59N 02 35 53W
Altitude 101 metres
Class 2-5, indeterminate, need detail information. Reason: Class 4 “Away from all projected shade when the Sun is higher than 20°.”
Without shadow might be Class 2.
UHI, close to airport runway, apron, buildings, otherwise minor, is windy island off French coast.
Reposted from a WUWT discussion as a reference:
The Sunspot Counting Methods
1) Wolf learned that Schwabe did not count ‘small spots and grey pores’. In order to be compatible with Schwabe [so Wolf could use Schwabe’s counts on days when Wolf did not make an observation], Wolf decided also not to count small spots and grey pores. This was before Wolf realized that a k-factor on the formula R = k (10G+S) was needed, and was the way to ensure compatibility.
2) Wolf did not ‘design’ a threshold in his method. He knew quite well that it was silly to throw away spots just because they were small, especially if they defined a group. But he became victim of the desire to be compatible, and when he realized a threshold was dumb it was too late.
3) Around 1875 Wolf found [from the geomagnetic data supplied by Sciaparelli] that Schwabe after all [even after that Wolf had unfortunately adopted Schwabe’s method] was counting about 25% too, and summarily increased all 1849 values [which he had published in 1861] by those 25%.
(more…)
WMO03772, Heathrow (London airport)
51 28 45N 00 27 02W (51.47916444653322,-0.4505671614755646)Estimated Class 3. Innermost circle is 10 metre radius.
[update, enclosure hardstanding, paving, has not been appraised, may degrade the Class, see Llanbedr articles ]
UHI, both local and distance, major airport close to dense urban, city, transport links. Includes 4 lane underpass tunnel, North entrance in image top left, equipment building to left with standby generator and air conditions. Since the image blast screen has been installed changing environment during installation (see Google image history shown below). Is in heavy passenger or freight jet blast area, although probably of minor effect.
WMO03063, Aviemore, Scotland
57 12 23N 03 49 42W
Class 1. Built area <10% inside 100 metres
UHI, slight local.
Reposted from http://americasuncommonsense.com
Neil Armstrong
Neil Armstrong is a true national and international hero in the classic sense. His intellect, dedication and skills made him absolutely the best choice to be the first American and first human to step foot on the Moon in 1969 as Commander of Apollo 11. Quiet, thoughtful celebration of his life honors the man and his achievements.
Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012)
Source: Hulton Archive/Getty Images
Armstrong conducted himself at the highest levels of professionalism – quick to make good decisions in service to his country, as a test pilot, and as an explorer in the best traditions of Lewis and Clark. He often stated, however, that our successes in these difficult arenas only come from the magnificent efforts of hundreds of thousands of others.
One of my many favorite Armstrong memories from Apollo relates to a spur of the moment decision he made late in his walk on the Moon. We all trained to focus on collecting the greatest variety of Moon rocks possible in the time available. But, having already quickly collected one of the finest sets of lunar samples, Neil thought the partially filled rock box needed something more. He rapidly filled the box with a large amount of the Moon’s soil. This soil became one of the most important samples ever returned from the Moon. Neil’s 30 minutes of sampling decisions at Tranquillity Base remain the most productive half hour in lunar exploration.
Neil was a gifted speaker, historian and professor. He did not give a large number of speeches or interviews, but all had been extensively researched and delivered with remarkable clarity and insight. Neil fascinated audiences with his clear articulation of historical events and the relation of technology, aeronautics and space to human activities in the past and future.
I had the great privilege to have known Neil as both a colleague and friend. Teresa and I give our heartfelt condolences to the extended Armstrong family and to his legion of friends, colleagues, and others so profoundly influenced by the life of Neil Armstrong. His historical insights, good nature and extraordinary professionalism will be missed more than my words can convey.
-Harrison Schmitt-
Tallbloke's Talkshop 